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(in-package :alexandria)

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(defmacro with-gensyms (names &body forms)
  "Binds each variable named by a symbol in NAMES to a unique symbol around
FORMS. Each of NAMES must either be either a symbol, or of the form:

 (symbol string-designator)

Bare symbols appearing in NAMES are equivalent to:

 (symbol symbol)

The string-designator is used as the argument to GENSYM when constructing the
unique symbol the named variable will be bound to."
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  `(let ,(mapcar (lambda (name)
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                   (multiple-value-bind (symbol string)
                       (etypecase name
                         (symbol
                          (values name (symbol-name name)))
                         ((cons symbol (cons string-designator null))
                          (values (first name) (string (second name)))))
                     `(,symbol (gensym ,string))))
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                 names)
     ,@forms))

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(defmacro with-unique-names (names &body forms)
  "Alias for WITH-GENSYMS."
  `(with-gensyms ,names ,@forms))
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(defmacro once-only (specs &body forms)
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  "Evaluates FORMS with symbols specified in SPECS rebound to temporary
variables, ensuring that each initform is evaluated only once.
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Each of SPECS must either be a symbol naming the variable to be rebound, or of
the form:

  (symbol initform)

Bare symbols in SPECS are equivalent to

  (symbol symbol)
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Example:
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  (defmacro cons1 (x) (once-only (x) `(cons ,x ,x)))
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  (let ((y 0)) (cons1 (incf y))) => (1 . 1)
"
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  (let ((gensyms (make-gensym-list (length specs) "ONCE-ONLY"))
        (names-and-forms (mapcar (lambda (spec)
                                   (etypecase spec
                                     (list
                                      (destructuring-bind (name form) spec
                                        (cons name form)))
                                     (symbol
                                      (cons spec spec))))
                                 specs)))
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    ;; bind in user-macro
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    `(let ,(mapcar (lambda (g n) (list g `(gensym ,(string (car n)))))
                   gensyms names-and-forms)
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       ;; bind in final expansion
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       `(let (,,@(mapcar (lambda (g n)
                           ``(,,g ,,(cdr n)))
                         gensyms names-and-forms))
          ;; bind in user-macro
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          ,(let ,(mapcar (lambda (n g) (list (car n) g))
                         names-and-forms gensyms)
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             ,@forms)))))

(defun parse-body (body &key documentation whole)
  "Parses BODY into (values remaining-forms declarations doc-string).
Documentation strings are recognized only if DOCUMENTATION is true.
Syntax errors in body are signalled and WHOLE is used in the signal
arguments when given."
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  (let ((doc nil)
        (decls nil)
        (current nil))
    (tagbody
     :declarations
       (setf current (car body))
       (when (and documentation (stringp current) (cdr body))
         (if doc
             (error "Too many documentation strings in ~S." (or whole body))
             (setf doc (pop body)))
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         (go :declarations))
       (when (and (listp current) (eql (first current) 'declare))
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         (push (pop body) decls)
         (go :declarations)))
    (values body (nreverse decls) doc)))
(defun parse-ordinary-lambda-list (lambda-list &key (normalize t)
                                   (normalize-optional normalize)
                                   (normalize-keyword normalize)
                                   (normalize-auxilary normalize))
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  "Parses an ordinary lambda-list, returning as multiple values:

1. Required parameters.

2. Optional parameter specifications, normalized into form:

   (name init suppliedp)

3. Name of the rest parameter, or NIL.

4. Keyword parameter specifications, normalized into form:

   ((keyword-name name) init suppliedp)

5. Boolean indicating &ALLOW-OTHER-KEYS presence.

6. &AUX parameter specifications, normalized into form

   (name init).
7. Existence of &KEY in the lambda-list.

Signals a PROGRAM-ERROR is the lambda-list is malformed."
  (let ((state :required)
        (allow-other-keys nil)
        (auxp nil)
        (required nil)
        (optional nil)
        (rest nil)
        (keys nil)
        (aux nil))
    (labels ((fail (elt)
               (simple-program-error "Misplaced ~S in ordinary lambda-list:~%  ~S"
                                     elt lambda-list))
             (check-variable (elt what &optional (allow-specializers allow-specializers))
               (unless (and (or (symbolp elt)
                                (and allow-specializers
                                     (consp elt) (= 2 (length elt)) (symbolp (first elt))))
                            (not (constantp elt)))
                 (simple-program-error "Invalid ~A ~S in ordinary lambda-list:~%  ~S"
                                       what elt lambda-list)))
             (check-spec (spec what)
               (destructuring-bind (init suppliedp) spec
                 (declare (ignore init))
                 (check-variable suppliedp what nil))))
      (dolist (elt lambda-list)
        (case elt
          (&optional
           (if (eq state :required)
               (setf state elt)
               (fail elt)))
          (&rest
           (if (member state '(:required &optional))
               (setf state elt)
          (&key
           (if (member state '(:required &optional :after-rest))
               (setf state elt)
          (&allow-other-keys
           (if (eq state '&key)
               (setf allow-other-keys t
                     state elt)
               (fail elt)))
          (&aux
           (cond ((eq state '&rest)
                  (fail elt))
                 (auxp
                  (simple-program-error "Multiple ~S in ordinary lambda-list:~%  ~S"
                                        elt lambda-list))
                 (t
                  (setf auxp t
                        state elt))
                 ))
          (otherwise
           (when (member elt '#.(set-difference lambda-list-keywords
                                                '(&optional &rest &key &allow-other-keys &aux)))
             (simple-program-error
              "Bad lambda-list keyword ~S in ordinary lambda-list:~%  ~S"
              elt lambda-list))
           (case state
             (:required
              (check-variable elt "required parameter")
              (push elt required))
             (&optional
              (cond ((consp elt)
                     (destructuring-bind (name &rest tail) elt
                       (check-variable name "optional parameter")
                       (cond ((cdr tail)
                              (check-spec tail "optional-supplied-p parameter"))
                             (normalize-optional
                              (setf elt (append elt '(nil)))))))
                    (t
                     (check-variable elt "optional parameter")
                     (when normalize-optional
                       (setf elt (cons elt '(nil nil))))))
              (push (ensure-list elt) optional))
             (&rest
              (check-variable elt "rest parameter")
              (setf rest elt
                    state :after-rest))
             (&key
              (cond ((consp elt)
                     (destructuring-bind (var-or-kv &rest tail) elt
                       (cond ((consp var-or-kv)
                              (destructuring-bind (keyword var) var-or-kv
                                (unless (symbolp keyword)
                                  (simple-program-error "Invalid keyword name ~S in ordinary ~
                                                         lambda-list:~%  ~S"
                                                        keyword lambda-list))
                                (check-variable var "keyword parameter")))
                             (t
                              (check-variable var-or-kv "keyword parameter")
                              (when normalize-keyword
                                (setf var-or-kv (list (make-keyword var-or-kv) var-or-kv)))))
                       (if (cdr tail)
                           (check-spec tail "keyword-supplied-p parameter")
                           (when normalize-keyword
                             (setf tail (append tail '(nil)))))
                       (setf elt (cons var-or-kv tail))))
                    (t
                     (check-variable elt "keyword parameter")
                     (setf elt (if normalize-keyword
                                   (list (list (make-keyword elt) elt) nil nil)
              (push elt keys))
             (&aux
              (if (consp elt)
                  (destructuring-bind (var &optional init) elt
                    (declare (ignore init))
                    (check-variable var "&aux parameter"))
                    (setf elt (list* elt (when normalize-auxilary
                                           '(nil))))))
              (push elt aux))
             (t
              (simple-program-error "Invalid ordinary lambda-list:~%  ~S" lambda-list)))))))
    (values (nreverse required) (nreverse optional) rest (nreverse keys)
            allow-other-keys (nreverse aux) keyp)))

;;;; DESTRUCTURING-*CASE

(defun expand-destructuring-case (key clauses case)
  (once-only (key)
    `(if (typep ,key 'cons)
         (,case (car ,key)
           ,@(mapcar (lambda (clause)
                       (destructuring-bind ((keys . lambda-list) &body body) clause
                         `(,keys
                           (destructuring-bind ,lambda-list (cdr ,key)
                             ,@body))))
                     clauses))
         (error "Invalid key to DESTRUCTURING-~S: ~S" ',case ,key))))

(defmacro destructuring-case (keyform &body clauses)
  "DESTRUCTURING-CASE, -CCASE, and -ECASE are a combination of CASE and DESTRUCTURING-BIND.
KEYFORM must evaluate to a CONS.

Clauses are of the form:

  ((CASE-KEYS . DESTRUCTURING-LAMBDA-LIST) FORM*)

The clause whose CASE-KEYS matches CAR of KEY, as if by CASE, CCASE, or ECASE,
is selected, and FORMs are then executed with CDR of KEY is destructured and
bound by the DESTRUCTURING-LAMBDA-LIST.

Example:

 (defun dcase (x)
   (destructuring-case x
     ((:foo a b)
      (format nil \"foo: ~S, ~S\" a b))
     ((:bar &key a b)
      (format nil \"bar, ~S, ~S\" a b))
     (((:alt1 :alt2) a)
      (format nil \"alt: ~S\" a))
     ((t &rest rest)
      (format nil \"unknown: ~S\" rest))))

  (dcase (list :foo 1 2))        ; => \"foo: 1, 2\"
  (dcase (list :bar :a 1 :b 2))  ; => \"bar: 1, 2\"
  (dcase (list :alt1 1))         ; => \"alt: 1\"
  (dcase (list :alt2 2))         ; => \"alt: 2\"
  (dcase (list :quux 1 2 3))     ; => \"unknown: 1, 2, 3\"

 (defun decase (x)
   (destructuring-case x
     ((:foo a b)
      (format nil \"foo: ~S, ~S\" a b))
     ((:bar &key a b)
      (format nil \"bar, ~S, ~S\" a b))
     (((:alt1 :alt2) a)
      (format nil \"alt: ~S\" a))))

  (decase (list :foo 1 2))        ; => \"foo: 1, 2\"
  (decase (list :bar :a 1 :b 2))  ; => \"bar: 1, 2\"
  (decase (list :alt1 1))         ; => \"alt: 1\"
  (decase (list :alt2 2))         ; => \"alt: 2\"
  (decase (list :quux 1 2 3))     ; =| error
"
  (expand-destructuring-case keyform clauses 'case))

(defmacro destructuring-ccase (keyform &body clauses)
  (expand-destructuring-case keyform clauses 'ccase))

(defmacro destructuring-ecase (keyform &body clauses)
  (expand-destructuring-case keyform clauses 'ecase))

(dolist (name '(destructuring-ccase destructuring-ecase))
  (setf (documentation name 'function) (documentation 'destructuring-case 'function)))